Visualizing work: The work is represented by cards or sticky notes that are placed on a board, making it easy to see the state of work and progress.

Limiting work in progress: The goal is to have a small number of items in progress at any one time, allowing teams to focus and complete work more efficiently.

Managing flow: The flow of work is managed from start to finish, with attention paid to balancing the demand for work with the team's capacity to deliver.

Making process policies explicit: The rules for how work is to be done are made clear, enabling teams to work more effectively and reducing the likelihood of misunderstandings.

Improving collaboratively and evolving experimentally: Teams continuously work to improve their processes and work together to find better ways of doing things.

Implementing feedback loops: Feedback is regularly sought from customers and stakeholders to ensure that the work being done is delivering value.